Giáo án Chuyên đề tiếng Anh 12

PHẦN IX: SOME CONFUSED OR MISUSED WORDS
TỪ DỄ GÂY HIỂU LẦM, DÙNG LẦM
1. Những từ dễ gây nhầm lẫn là những từ rất dễ gây nhầm lẫn về mặt ngữ nghĩa, chính tả hoặc cách phát âm.
Angel (n): Thiên thần. vs. Angle (n) : Góc.
Cite (v) : Trích dẫn. In her term paper, Janis had to cite many references.
Site (n) : Khu đất ( để xây dựng). 
Eg. The corner of North Main and Mimosa Streets will be the site of the new shopping center.
Sight (n) : 	1- Khe ngắm, tầm ngắm. 	Eg. Through the sight of the rifle, the soldier spotted the enemy. 	
 (n)	2- cảnh tượng. 	Eg. Whatching the landing of the space’s capsule was a pleasant sight.
 (v)	3- Thấy, quan sát thấy. 	Eg. We sighted a ship in the bay.
Costume (n) 	Quần áo, trang phục lễ hội. 	
Eg. It is a custom in Western Europe for little boys to wear shorts pants to school.
Decent (adj) : 1- đứng đắn, tề chỉnh./ 	2- tươm tất, tốt
Eg. When one appears in court, one must wear decent clothing.
Descent (n) : 	1- leo xuống, trèo xuống.
Eg. The mountain climbers found their descent more hazardous than their ascent.
	2- nguồn gốc, dòng dõi. 	Eg. Vladimir is of Russian descent.
Dessert (n): Món tráng miệng. 	Eg. We had apple pie for dessert last night.
Desert (n): sa mạc. 	Eg. It is difficult to live in the desert without water.
Desert (v): bỏ, bỏ mặc.	Eg. After deserting the post, the soldier ran away from the camp.
Later (adv): sau đó, sau đây, rồi thì (thường dùng với câu ở tương lai). Ngược nghĩa với nó là earlier (được dùng ở simple past).	Eg. We went to the movies and later had ice cream at Dairy Isle.
The latter 	(Cái thứ 2, người thứ 2)	 >< 	the former (cái thứ nhất, người thứ nhất)
Eg. Germany and England both developed dirigibles for use during World war II, the latter primarily for coastal reconnaissance. (latter = England).
Loose (adj): lỏng >< TIGHT: chật
Eg. After dieting, Marcy found that her clothes had become so loose that she had to buy a new wardrobe.
Lose (v) : 	1- đánh mất, thất lạc.	Eg. Mary lost her glasses last week. 
	2- thua, thất bại.	Eg. If Harry doesn’t practice his tennis more, he may lose the match.
PASSED (v - quá khứ của pass) : 1- trôi qua, qua đi.	Eg. Five hours passed before the jury reached its verdict.
	2- đi qua, đi ngang qua. 	 Eg: While we were sitting in the park, several of our friends passed us.
	3- thành công, vượt qua được.	Eg. The students are happy that they passed their exams.
Past (adj) : 	1- đã qua, dĩ vãng. Eg. This past week has been very hectic for the students returning to the university.
	2- trước đây. Eg. In the past, he had been a cook, a teacher, and a historian.
Peace (n): hoà bình, sự trật tự, sự yên ổn, sự yên lặng, sự thanh bình.
Eg. Peace was restored to the community after a week of rioting.
Piece (n): Một mẩu, 1 mảnh.	Eg. Heidi ate a piece of chocolate cake for dessert.
Principal (n): 	1- hiệu trưởng (trường tiểu học và trung học). Eg. The principal called a faculty meeting.
 (adj)	2- chính, chủ yếu. Eg. An anthropologist, who had worked with the indigenous tribes in Australia, was the principal speaker at Friday’s luncheon.
Principle (n): Nguyên tắc, luật lệ. Eg. Mr. Connors is a man who believes that truthfulness is the best principle.
Quiet (adj): yên ắng, yên ả, im lặng,tĩnh mịch.	 Eg. The night was so quiet that you could hear the breeze blowing.
Quite (adv) : 1- hoàn toàn. Eg. Louise is quite capable of taking over the household chores while her mother is away.
	2- hơi, một chút.	Eg. He was quite tired after his first day of classes.
Quit (v): dừng.	Eg. Herman quit smoking on his doctor’s advice.
Stationary (adj): cố định, không di chuyển, tĩnh tại.
Eg. The weatherman said that the warm front would be stationary for several days.
Stationery (n): Giấy viết đặc biệt, văn phòng phẩm.
Eg. Lucille used only monogrammed stationary for correspondence.
Than (liên từ) : được sử dụng trong câu so sánh hơn. Eg. Today’s weather is better than yesterday’s.
Then (adj) : sau đó ( được dùng sau 1 thời điểm đã được đề cập).
Eg. First, Julie filled out her schedule; then, she paid her fees.
Their (adj): tính từ sở hữu số nhiều. 	Eg. Their team scored the most points during the game.
There (adv): 	1- ở đó, ở đằng kia.	Eg. Look over there between the trees. 
	2- được sử dụng với be để chỉ ra sự hiện diện, sự có mặt, sự tồn tại.
Eg. There is a book on the teacher’s desk.
They’re (đại từ + động từ): viết tắt của they are. 	Eg. They’re leaving on the noon flight to Zurich.
To (giới từ) : đi tới, cho tới, tới tận lúc.	Eg. Go to the blackboard and write out the equation.
Two (n/ adj) - hai.	Eg. Two theories have been proposed to explain that incident.
Too (adv) 	1- quá.	Eg. This morning was too cold for the children go to swimming.
	2- cũng, cũng vậy.	Eg. Jane went to the movie, and we did too.
Weather (n): thời tiết. 	Eg. Our flight was delayed because of bad weather.
Whether (liên từ): nên chăng (chỉ ra 1 lựa chọn).
Eg. Because of gas shortage, we do not know whether we will go away for our vacation or stay home.
Whose (adj) - tính từ hay đại từ quan hệ sở hữu. Eg. The person whose name is drawn first will win the grand prize.
Who’s ( re-pro + v) : viết tắt của who + is hoặc who + has. 
 Eg. Who’s (who is) your new biology professor? Scott is the attorney who’s (who has) been reviewing this case.
Your (adj) - sở hữu của you. Eg. We are all happy about your accepting the position with the company in Baltimore.
You’re (pro + v) - Viết tắt của you + are. Eg. You’re going to enjoy the panorama from the top of the hill.