Giáo án tiếng Anh 12 - Sad /sæd/ adjective (comparative sadder, superlative saddest)

] ▪ ‘We used to have lovely family holidays all together,’ she said wistfully. 
mournful/ˈmɔːʳnfəl/ [adjective] looking or sounding very sad, as if something very bad has happened: ▪ His voice 
sounded so mournful that tears came into her eyes.▪ I could hear the slow, mournful music of the bagpipes.▪ The 
dog lay at his feet, looking up from time to time with big mournful eyes. 
mournfully [adverb] ▪ In the distance, a wolf howled mournfully. 
2. feeling sad or unhappy for a long time 
depressed/dɪˈprest/ [adjective not usually before noun] very unhappy and without any hope for a long time, and 
feeling that your life will never get better, sometimes so that this becomes a mental illness: ▪ My sister’s been 
really depressed since she lost her job.▪ A lot of people get depressed in the winter, when the weather’s bad and 
there’s very little sunlight. 
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depressed about▪ Greta often gets depressed about her weight. 
down/low/daʊn, ləʊ/ [adjective not before noun] informal unhappy, especially because something bad has 
happened to you and you cannot see how to make the situation better: ▪ John’s pretty low at the moment -- his 
business is losing money.▪ He’s been feeling down since he failed his driving test for the fifth time. 
down in the dumps/ˌdaʊn ɪn ðə ˈdʌmps/ [adjective phrase not before noun] informal feeling unhappy and not 
having much interest in what is happening around you, but usually in a way that is not very serious: ▪ Mom’s kind 
of down in the dumps at the moment -- why don’t you buy her something to cheer her up?▪ If you’re feeling down 
in the dumps, come over and have a chat. 
feel blue/ˌfiːl ˈbluː/ [verb phrase] informal, to feel slightly sad or unhappy, because something bad has happened 
to you or sometimes for no particular reason: ▪ Feeling blue? Don’t know who to talk to? Phone Depression 
Hotline, 24 hours a day. 
morose/məˈrəʊs/ [adjective] someone who is morose behaves in an unhappy, bad-tempered way, and does not 
speak much to other people: ▪ Since the accident she’s been morose and moody.▪ Frank was sitting alone at the 
table, looking morose.▪ Some people become morose and depressed when they first retire. 
3. extremely sad 
heartbroken/ˈhɑːʳtˌbrəʊkən/ [adjective] extremely sad and sorry because something very bad has happened, 
especially to someone or something that you love or care about very much: ▪ When her parents separated, she was 
heartbroken.▪ Heartbroken fans camped outside his house in Beverly Hills. 
heartbroken at/about▪ Mr and Mrs Dudley were heartbroken at having to leave the home where they had lived 
for thirty years. 
devastated/ˈdevəsteɪtɪd, ˈdevəsteɪtəd/ [adjective] extremely sad and shocked because something very bad has 
happened, and you feel that this has ruined your life or your plans: ▪ The whole town was devastated by the 
tragedy, in which fourteen schoolchildren died. 
devastated to hear/find etc something▪ When we got back, we were devastated to find that the house had been 
burgled, and everything of value taken. 
inconsolable/ˌɪnkənˈsəʊləbəl/ [adjective not usually before noun] so sad that other people cannot make you feel 
happier, especially because someone has died or because something very bad has happened: ▪ After the death of 
her baby she was inconsolable.▪ Doris was inconsolable. How could her husband walk out on her like that? 
4. making you feel sad 
sad/sæd/ [adjective usually before noun] use this about a story, piece of music, period of time etc that makes you 
feel sad: sad time/day/moment/occasion etc▪ The day her son left home was one of the saddest days of her life. 
sad news/story/song etc▪ Fairuz sang a sad song that made us all feel homesick.▪ I don’t like movies with sad 
endings.it is sad that▪ It’s very sad that she died before her children grew up. 
unhappy/ʌnˈhæpi/ [adjective] unhappy childhood/marriage/year etc a time when you are unhappy because you 
are in a difficult or unpleasant situation: ▪ Phil was married for three unhappy years.▪ Looking at that photo 
always bring back unhappy memories.▪ an unhappy love affair 
depressing/dɪˈpresɪŋ/ [adjective] a depressing experience, story, piece of news etc makes you feel that there is 
nothing to be happy about and not much hope for the future: ▪ The Deerhunter was a very depressing movie about 
Vietnam.▪ It’s such a depressing town - it’s full of ugly, disused factories.▪ Listening to the news can be really 
depressing, when all you ever hear about is violence and crime. 
upsetting/ʌpˈsetɪŋ/ [adjective] an upsetting experience or event makes you feel very sad and often shocked: ▪ 
Seeing her lying there in a hospital bed was a very upsetting experience.▪ She can’t talk about her son’s death - 
she finds it too upsetting. 
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it is upsetting to find/know/learn etc something▪ It’s very upsetting to arrive home and find that your house has 
been burgled. 
miserable/ˈmɪzərəbəl/ [adjective] a time that is miserable is one when you are extremely unhappy because you 
are in a very unpleasant situation: ▪ Factory workers during the 18th century led miserable lives.▪ The journey 
home was miserable. Everyone was depressed about losing the game. 
heartbreaking/heart-rending/ˈhɑːʳtˌbreɪkɪŋ, ˈhɑːʳt ˌrendɪŋ/ [adjective] a story, event, piece of news etc that is 
heartbreaking makes you feel extremely sad and sorry or extremely disappointed: ▪ It’s a heartbreaking moment 
when a great sportsman finally decides that it’s time to quit.▪ The decision to kill the infected animals was a heart-
rending one for farmers.it is heartbreaking to see/learn etc something▪ Having worked so hard to start the 
business, it would be heartbreaking to see it all collapse. 
dismal/ˈdɪzməl/ [adjective] a dismal place, situation, or time makes you feel unhappy and not at all hopeful: ▪ It 
was a grey, dismal November afternoon.▪ Melinda joined her husband in Moscow, but soon found life there bleak 
and dismal.▪ The profit margin on hardware sales for the first quarter was a dismal 29%. 
dismally [adverb] ▪ At the time there was a dismally weak market in the rest of Europe. 
dreary/ˈdrɪəri/ [adjective] a place, activity, or time that is dreary is not at all interesting or enjoyable and makes 
you feel unhappy: ▪ This room is so dreary. How can we brighten it up?▪ a dreary winter’s day▪ Cooking for one 
person can be a dreary business, as many elderly people find. 
bleak/bliːk/ [adjective] a place or situation that is bleak is one in which there is nothing to make you feel cheerful 
or hopeful about the future: ▪ The wild landscape was bleak and bare.▪ He gazed around the empty, bleak little 
room in despair.▪ Many people were facing a financially bleak Christmas.▪ The chief executive said that the 
company was looking at a bleak future.the outlook/prospect/future etc is bleak▪ Prospects of success looked bleak 
as the opposition scored the first two goals. 
5. to make someone feel sad 
make somebody(feel) sad/unhappy/ˌmeɪk somebody (fiːl) ˈsæd, ʌnˈhæpi/ [verb phrase] ▪ Something at school 
was making her unhappy, but she didn’t want to talk about it. 
it makes somebody sad/unhappy to do something▪ It made me sad to see her looking so old and ill. 
upset/ʌpˈset/ [transitive verb] to make someone feel sad and want to cry: ▪ I’m sorry if I upset you - I didn’t mean 
to.▪ The idea of having to change school seemed to upset him more than we thought it would.it upsets somebody 
to do something▪ Her father died when she was ten, and it still upsets her to think about it. 
sadden/ˈsædn/ [transitive verb] if a situation or event saddens someone, it makes them feel sad, especially 
because they think that this type of situation or event should not happen: ▪ Everyone was saddened by the news 
that housing is to be built on the fields beside Cliff Lane.▪ Those of us who knew him are shocked and saddened 
by his death.it saddens somebody to do something▪ Sometimes it saddened him to think that he was no longer 
young.it saddens somebody that▪ It saddens me that there are people who go around vandalizing public places like 
this. 
depress/dɪˈpres/ [transitive verb] to make someone feel very sad or unhappy, especially so that they feel that only 
bad things happen and they cannot change the situation: ▪ Listening to the news can really depress you, if you let 
it.▪ Shaun decided to leave. The way the others were behaving was beginning to depress him.it depresses 
somebody to do something▪ It depressed me to think that five years ago I was earning more than I do now. 
get somebody down/ˌget somebody ˈdaʊn/ [transitive phrasal verb] informal to gradually make someone feel 
unhappy and tired over a period of time: ▪ The endless rain was beginning to get him down.▪ You can tell me if 
there’s anything that’s worrying you or getting you down. 
break somebody’s heart/ˌbreɪk somebodyˈs ˈhɑːʳt/ [verb phrase] to make someone very sad and upset, 
especially because a relationship has ended or because they are very disappointed: ▪ When Annie left him, it broke 
his heart.it breaks somebody’s heart(that)▪ It breaks my heart that his career has been ruined.it breaks somebody’s 
heart to do something▪ It would break her heart to leave the lovely old stone house where she’d lived for so long. 
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be a downer/biː ə ˈdaʊnəʳ/ [verb phrase] spoken if something is a downer, it makes you feel unhappy, especially 
because it is not good or successful: ▪ I thought the movie was going to be a total downer, but it wasn’t.on a 
downer▪ The home team concluded its season on a big downer with a 2- 0 defeat. 
drive somebody to despair/ˌdraɪv somebody tə dɪˈspeəʳ/ [verb phrase] to make someone feel very unhappy and 
without hope - use this especially when a bad situation is continuing and they cannot see how to change it: ▪ There 
were times when the endless arguments drove him to despair.▪ By the time I was 17, the atmosphere at