Giáo án ôn thi tiếng Anh vào 10 THPT - Buổi 4

Buổi 4: Chuyên đề III: Conditional sentences
NS: 15/5/2014
ND: 28/5 
A. GRAMMAR:
Câu điều kiện. 
I. Khái niệm về câu điều kiện:
- Câu điều kiện dùng để nêu lên một giả thiết về một sự việc, mà sự việc đó chỉ có thể xảy ra (hoặc không thể xảy ra) khi điều kiện được nói đến xảy ra (hoặc không thể xảyra).
 - Câu điều kiện gồm có hai phần (hai mệnh đề):
+ Mệnh đề nêu lên điều kiện (còn gọi là mệnh đề IF) là mệnh đề phụ hay mệnh đề điều kiện.
+ Mệnh đề nêu lên kết quả là mệnh đề chính.
- Hai mệnh đề trong câu điều kiện có thể đổi chổ cho nhau được: nếu mệnh đề chính đứng trước thì giữa hai mệnh đề không cần dấu phẩy, ngược lại thì phải có dấu phẩy ở giữa.
Ví dụ:
	You will pass the exam if you work hard.
	(Bạn sẽ vượt qua kỳ thi nếu bạn học tập chăm chỉ.)
 => If you work hard, you will pass the exam.
	(Nếu bạn học tập chăm chỉ, bạn sẽ vượt qua kỳ thi.)
- Mênh đề điều kiện ta có thể dùng “unless” thay cho “if”, khi đó unless = if … not.
II. Các loại câu điều kiện:
1. Real conditional sentences in the present: Type 0 ( ĐK có thật ở hiện tại - Loại 0)
- Ở câu điều kiện loại 0, cả mệnh đề IF (NẾU) và mệnh đề chính đều sử dụng thì hiện tại đơn.
- Chủ ngữ 1 và chủ ngữ 2 có thể trùng nhau.
- Bổ ngữ có thể không có, tùy ý nghĩa của câu.
CT: If + S+ V(present simple), S+ V(present simple)
Eg : If you heat ice, it melts.
 If you meet him, please give him this letter.
2. Real conditional sentences in the present: Type 1 ( ĐK có thật ở hiện tại - Loại 1)
CT: If + S+ V(present simple) , S + Will + V 
VD : If you work harder, you will pass the next exam .
3. Unreal conditional sentences in the present: Type 2 (ĐK không có thật ở hiện tại - Loại 2).
CT: If+ S+ V(past simple) , S + Would/could/should + V 
VD: If I had a lot of money, I would travel around the world
 If he were you , he should help her.
* Note :
-. In the unreal condition: Be = Were with all subjects.
Trong câu điều kiện không có thật: 	Be = Were cho tất cả các ngôi
4. Unreal conditional sentences in the past: Type 3 (ĐK không có thật ở quá khứ - Loại 3).
CT: If + S+ had + Vp.p , S + would/could + have + Vp.p 
VD: If I had had a lot of money last year, I would have traveled around the world.
5. Unreal conditional sentences with: Wish / If only.
- Wish: Để mong ước điều gì đó không có thực ở hiện tại.
- If only: Để nhấn mạnh giả thiết.
CT: S + wish + S + V(past simple)
 If only, S + V(past simple)
VD: I wish I lived in the city.
 If only, he helped me.
B. EXERCISES:
I. Choose the most suitable tense
1. If I ……….a lot of money now, I …………..a new car.
A. have /will buy 	B. have / would buy 	
C. had/ will buy 	D. had/ would buy.
2. If I ……………you, I …………….do that.
A. am/ will 	B. were /would 	C. were/ will 	D. had been/ would.
3. Many people would be out of work if that factory………..down.
A. closes 	B. had closed 	C. closed 	D. would close.
4. If she sold her car, she ………… much money.
A. gets 	B. would get 	C. will get 	D. would have got.
5. If I go shopping, I ………some food.
A. buy 	B. will buy 	C. would buy 	D. would have bought.
6. If I find it, I ………you.
A. will tell 	B. would tell 	C. had told 	D. told.
7. What would you do if you……………a million dollars?
A. would win 	B. win 	C. had won 	D. won.
8. If I were in your place, I ……….a trip to England.
A. will make 	B. had made 	C. made. 	D. would make.
9. If I ………….. you , I’d save some of your lottery winning.
A. be 	B. were 	C. am 	D. was
10. If I had enough money, I ……… abroad to improve my English.
A. will go 	B. should go 	C. would go 	D. should have go to
11. If energy………inexpensive and unlimited, many things in the world would be different.
A. is	B. will be	C. were	D. would be
12. If you………to my advice in the first place, you wouldn’t be in this mess right now.
A. listen	B. will listen	C. had listened	D. listened
13. ………….. interested in that subject, I would try to learn more about it.
A. Were I	B. Should I	C. I was	D. If I am
14. I wish I………..you some money for your rent, but I’m broke myself.
A. can lend	B. could lend	C. would lend	D. will lend
15. “Are you lost?” – “I think so. I wish we………..the map with us today.”
A. were bringing	B. brought	 	C. had brought	D. would bring
II. Give the corect form of the verbs:
1. I (buy) ………… a car if you lend me some money.
2. If the book (not be) ………… expensive, I'll buy it.
3. You would be very surprised if he (return) ………… .
4. I'll go out if it (not rain) ………… .
5. They wouldn't come to the party if you (not invite) ………… them
6. What ………… you (do) ………… if you (be) ………… him?
7. If that hat costs much, I (buy) ………… a small one.
8. If I (make) ……… that mistake again, my teacher (get) ………… angry with me.
9. If I spoke English, my job (be) ………… a lot easier.
10. I will lend them some money if they (ask) … ….. me.
11. If I (have) ………… enough money, I would buy a house.
12. They (not/let) ………… you in if you (come) ………… late.
13. If you (not go) ………… away, I (send) ………… for a policeman.
14. If I (be) ………… you, I (tell) ………… the truth.
15. I am busy. If I (have) ……… free time. I (go) ………… to the cinema with you.
16. What ………… we (do) ………… if they do not come tomorrow?
17. If I had enough time now, I (write) ………… to my parents.
18. If she (come) ………… late again, she (lose) ………… her job.
19. If I (be) ………… you, I (help) ………… him.
 20. I wish I (have) …….. the money to buy some new clothes, but I can’t afford it at the moment.
III. Rewrite these sentences:
1. He can’t go out because he has to study for his exam.=> If ……………………………………………………………………..
2. She is lazy so she can’t pass the exam.=> If ……………………………………………………………………..
3. He will pay me tonight; I will have enough money to buy a car.=> If ……………………………………………………………………..
4. He smokes too much; that’s why he can’t get rid of his cough.=> If ……………………………………………………………………..
5. She is very shy, so she doesn’t enjoy the party.=> If ……………………………………………………………………..
6. I will get a work permit. I will stay for another month.=> If ……………………………………………………………………..
7. He doesn’t take any exercises. He is so unhealthy=> If ……………………………………………………………………..
8. I don’t have an umbrella with me so I get wet. 
=> I wouldn’t .…………………………………………………………..
9. I’ll call the police if you don’t leave me alone. 
=> Unless ……………………………………………………………….
10. You drink too much coffee, that’s why you can’t sleep. 	
=> If you ………………………………………………………………..
11. I won’t accept if you ask me to marry you.	
=> If you were ………………………………………………………….
12. If you do the shopping, I’ll cook lunch. 	
=> You ………………………………………………………………….
13. What a pity we eat the food. 	
=> If only we …………………………………………………………...
14. It’s a shame we don’t have a TV. 	
=> I wish ……………………………………………………………….
15. We can’t get the ticket because I don’t have the right change.
=> If ………………………………………… …………………………
IV. Correct the mistakes:
1. If we will reduce the speed of population growth, there will be less pressure on the earth.2. Unless we leave a bowl of water under the sun, it will evaporate.3. If we continue to use fuels at the current rate, we would soon have to face a fuel crisis.4. If I am 10 centimeters taller, I would play basketball.5. If the doctors could find in the remedy, a lot of people would be saved.6. If she bought that house now, she ran out of money.7. What you would do if you could speak French well?8. If I known he is not at home, I wouldn’t go all the way to his house.9. If I knew that the road are being flooded, I would never take that way.10. If I were you, I will go to the dentist’s and have the tooth checked.
KEY
I. Choose the most suitable tense
1. D. had/ would buy.	2. B. were /would 	 	3. C. closed 	
4. B. would get 	5. B. will buy 	6. A. will tell 	
7. D. won.	8. D. would make.	9. B. were 	
10. C. would go 	11. C. were	12. D. listened
13. A. Were I	14. B. could lend	15. A. were bringing	
II. Give the corect form of the verbs:
1. will buy	2. isn't 	3. returned 	4. doesn't rain 
5. didn't invite 	6. would…do/ were 	7. will buy 	8. make/ will get 
9. would be 	10. ask 	11. had 	12. won't let/  come  13. don't go/ will send 	14. were/ would tell 	15. had / would go 
16. will…do 	17. would write 	18. comes/ will lose 	19. were/  would help 20. had
III. Rewrite these sentences:
1. If he didn't have to study for his exam, he could go out.
2. If she were harder, she could pass the exam.
3. If he pays me tonight, I will have enough money to buy a car.
4. If didn't smoke too much, he could get rid of cough.
5. If she weren't shy, she would enjoy the party.
6. If I get a work, I will stay for another month.
7. If he is healthy, he will take some exercises.
8. I wouldn’t get wet if I had an umbrella with me.
9. Unless you leave me alone, I’ll call the police.
10. If you didn’t drink too much coffee, you could sleep.
11. If you were asked to marry, I wouldn’t accept.
12. You will do the shopping if I cook lunch.
13. If only we didn’t eat the food.
14. I wish we had a TV. 
15. If had the right change, we could get the ticket.
IV. Correct the mistakes:
1. will reduce 	2. Unless 	3.  would 	4. am 	5. find in
6. ran 	7. you would do 	8. known	9. are	10.  will go 
* Remarks: 
........................................................................................................................................
Ký duyệt ngày 19 tháng 5 năm 2014