Chuyên đề Tài liệu giảng dạy môn tiếng Anh khối 12 - Trường THPT Liến Sơn

he most intelligent in my group. 
- She is the most hard-working girl I’ve ever known.
Notes: For adjectives ending in “er”, “y”, “ly”, or the irregular cases:
Adjective
Comparative
Superlative
Adjective
Comparative
Superlative
clever
cleverer
the cleverest
bad
worse
the worst
pretty
prettier
the prettiest
far
farther/ further
the farthest/ furthest
happy
happier
the happiest
little
less
the least
silly
sillier
the silliest
man / much
more
the most
good
better
the best
old
older/ elder
the oldest/ eldest
 1.4. Parallel: so sánh song song và so sánh thăng tiến
 - “The…..the”: The older she gets, the wiser she become.
 - And: It’s getting darker and darker. She has now more and more free time.
 - Gerunds/ infinitives: Riding a horse is not as easy as riding a bike.
 It’s nicer/ better/ more fun to go with someone than to go alone
 1.5. Like/ alike: Tom is very like Bill. Tom and Bill are alike.
1.6. Like/ as: He swims like a fish. You look like a ghost. Do as I told you.
1.7. Like + N/ as + N: He worked like a slave (He worked very hard/ He wasn’t a slave).
 He worked as a slave (He was a slave in fact).
1.8. The adjectives: The rich, the poor,…
2. Practice test:
1. Sarah is ____ at chemistry than Susan.
	A. good 	B. well 	C. better 	D. best
2. I don’t work so hard ____ my father.
	A. so 	B. as 	C. than 	D. more
3. Sam is the ____ student in my class.
	A. tall 	B. most tall 	C. taller 	D. tallest
4. No one in my class is ____ beautiful ____ her.
	A. as/as 	B. more/as 	C. as/than 	D. the/more
5. Going by train isn’t ____ convenient as going by car.
	A. so 	B. as 	C. more 	D. A & B are correct.
6. The test is not ____ difficult ____ it was last month.
	A. as / as 	B. so / as 	C. more / as 	D. A & B are correct.
7. Peter usually drives ____ Mary
	A. more fast 	B. fast than 	C. faster than 	D. B & C are correct.
8. She cooked ____ than you.
	A. well 	B. more good 	C. better 	D. more well
9. This film is ____ interesting than that film.
	A. most 	B. less 	C. as 	D. so
10. My salary is ____ his salary.
	A. high 	B. more high 	C. higher than 	D. more higher than
11. He works ____ we do.
	A. harder 	B. as hard as 	C. harder 	D. so hard as
12. No one in this class is ____ Jimmy.
	A. so tall as 	B. tall than 	C. the tallest 	D. more tall than
13. Apples are usually ____ oranges.
	A. cheap than 	B. more cheap 	C. the cheapest 	D. cheaper than
14. I know him ____ than you do.
	A. better 	B. more well 	C. good 	D. the best
15. ________ you are, ____________ you concentrate.
	A. Tired/the least hard 	B. The more tired/the harder
C. The tireder/the harder 	D. The tired/the harder
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Buổi 17 - Bài 8. SUBJUNCTIVE CLAUSES – GIẢ ĐỊNH
1. The use of “as if/ as though”	
a. The present sense: 
 S + verb (simple present) + as if/ as though + S + verb (simple past)
Eg.	The old lady dresses as if it were winter even in the summer. (It is not winter.)
 	hiện tại giả định quá khứ
Angelique walks as though she studied modelling. (She didn’t study modelling) 
 hiện tại giả định quá khứ
He acts as though he were rich. (He is not rich)
 	 hiện tại giả định quá khứ
b. The past sense: 
 S + verb (simple past) + as if/ as though + S + verb (past perfect) 
Eg. Betty talked about the contest as if she had won the grand prize. (She didn’t win the grand prize.)
 Past simple past perfect
 Jeff looked as if he had seen a ghost. (She didn’t see a ghost.)
 Past simple past perfect
He looked as though he had run ten miles. (He didn’t run ten miles.)
 Past simple past perfect
2. The use of with and hope: 
Eg.	I hope that they will come. ( I don’t know if they are coming.)	
We hope that they came yesterday. ( We don’t know if they came.)
a. The future sense: Would / could + verb or were + Ving.
S+ wish + (that) + S* + could/ would/ were + verb/ V-ing
Eg.	We wish that you could come to the party tonight. (You can’t come.)
I wish that you would stop saying that. (You probably won’t stop.)
She wish that she were coming with us. ( She is not coming with us.)
b. The present sense: 
S + wish + (that) + S* + verb in simple past ...
Eg.	I wish that I had enough time to finish my homework. ( I don’t have enough time.)
We wish that he were old enough to come with us. ( He is not old enough.)
They wish that they didn’t have to go to class today. ( They have to go to class.)
c. The past sense: 
S + wish + (that) + S + past perfect/ could have + P2
Eg.	I wish that I had washed the clothes yesterday. ( I didn’t wash the clothes yesterday.)
She wish that she could have been there. ( She couldn’t be there.)
We wish that we had had more time last night. ( We didn’t have more time.)
Notes.	He wished that he could come to the party next week.
 quá khứ giả định quá khứ	 tương lai
The photographer wished that we stood closer together than we are standing now.
 quá khứ giả định quá khứ	 hiện tại
to wish somebody something
Eg.	I wish you a happy birthday.
Exercise 12/30
Some people say that Tsiolkovsky invented the space rocket. (credited) 
àTsiolkovsky is/has been credited with the invention of the space rocket.
I daren’t turn on the TV because the baby might wake up. (fear) 
àI daren’t turn on the TV for fear of waking up the baby.
Some people will do anything to lose weight. (lengths) 
à Some people will do any/great lengths to lose weight
The two theories appear to be completely different. (common) 
àThe 2 theories (appear to) have (got) nothing in common/no common ground
Several members of the committee said they were worried about the chairman’s proposals. (concern) 
àSeveral members of the committee expressed concern about/at/over the chairman’s proposal
The river Volta overflowed last year. (burst) àThe river Volta burst its banks last year
He doesn’t appreciate his wife. (granted) àHe takes his wife for granted
The number of people out of work has been going down little by little. (gradual) 
à There has been a gradual decrease/decline/fall in the number of people out of work.
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Buổi 18 - Bài 8. SUBJUNCTIVE CLAUSES – GIẢ ĐỊNH
1. Một số động từ dùng dạng giả định
To hear
O
do something
To hear
O
doing something
To watch 
To watch 
To see
To see
eg. I didn’t hear the telephone ring OR I didn’t hear the telephone ringing
2.
advise
ask
command
decree demand
insist
move
order
prefer
propose
recommend
request
Require
stipulate
suggest/urge
or
S1 + verb + that + S 2+ [verb in simple form] ...
Eg. We urge that he leave now. Eg. 	We urge him to leave now. 
	The judge insisted that the jury return a verdict immediately.
The university requires that all its students take this course.
The doctor suggested that his patient stop smoking./ 
Congress has decreed that the gasoline tax be abolished.
We proposed that he take a vacation./ I move that we adjourn until this afternoon.
b. 
advised
important
mandatory necessary
obligatory
proposed
recommended
required
suggested
imperative
urgent
or
It + be + adjective + that + S + [verb in simple form ]...
 ( any tense)
	It is necessary that he find the books.
It was urgent that she leave at once./ It has been proposed that we change the topic.
It is important that you remember this question. 
It has been suggested that he forget the election.
It was recommended that we wait for the authorities.
c. 
It + be + noun + that + S + [verb in simple form ]...
 ( any tense)
Eg. It is a recommendation from a doctor that the patient stop smoking.
d. Eg. God save the queen !. God be with you ! = good bye (khi chia tay nhau)
Curse this frog!	Come what may: 
 	Come what may we will stand by you. If need be: 
 	If need be we can take another road.
If this be proven right, you would be considered innocent.
e. it is time
It is time (for sb) to do st : 
Eg. It is time for me to get to the airport (just in time). 
It is time
subject + simple past
It is high time
It is about time
Exercise 13/30
House prices have risen dramatically this year. 
à There has been a dramatic increase in (the) house prices this year.
This affair does not concern you. à This affair is no concern/business of yours.
You must submit articles for the magazine by June 18th. 
àThe final date for you to submit articles for the magazine is June 18th .
Although Jimmy was the stronger of the two, his attacker soon overpowered him. 
àDespite his(superior) strength Jimmy was (soon) overpowered by his attacker.
What a surprise to see you here! àFancy seeing you here.
I don’t intend to apologize to either of them. à I have no intention of apologizing to either of them.
It was only when I left home that I realized how much my father meant to me. 
àNot until(after) I (had) left home did I realize how much my father meant to me.
The only reason the party was a success was that a famous film star attended. àHad it not been for the attendance/appearance of a famous film star the party would have been a failure.
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Buổi 19 - Bài 9. PHRASES AND CLAUSES OF RESULT – KẾT QUẢ
1. Phrase of result: Thường dùng với “TOO”/ “ENOUGH” theo cấu trúc sau:
S + be (look/ seem/ get/ become/…) + too ADJ (for O) + to V
S + V + too ADV (for O) + to V
Eg. He is too short to play football./ He ran too slowly to become the winner of the race.
S + be + ADJ enough (for O) + to V hay S + V + ADV enough (for O) + to V
Eg. She isn’t old enough to drive a car. / He spoke English well enough to be an interpreter.
2. Clause of result:
S + verb + so that / in order that + S + verb
He studied very hard so that he could pass the test.
She is sending the p