Relationship between ideas

e went to bed early.
	A. and 	B. but	C. or	D. so
The examination was very difficult, ______ very few were able to pass.
	A. consequently 	B. as well as	C. on the other hand	D. whereas
We know ______ him and his wife.
	A. either 	 	B. neither	 	C. both	D. and
You can send letter from Hong Kong _____ by Suez or by Canada.
	A. either 	 	B. neither	 	C. both	D. and
There was no one there, ______I went away.
	A. and 	 	B. but	 	C. or	D. so
He was very young and had no experience of that type of work. _____ he was not given the post.
	A. and 	 	 	B. but	 	C. or 	D. therefore
He had to pay a fine of $ 10, _____ he had to spend 10 days in prison.
	A. or else 	B. while 	C. whereas	D. however
He is clever and wins all the prizes _______ his brother never seems to know a thing.
	A. and 	B. while	C. therefore	D. or
You must tell him where you are going ______ when you will be back.
A. and both 	B. as well as	C. and also	D. and too
Geography is a very interesting subject; ______ very few people study it thoroughly.
A. and 	B. however 	C. moreover 	D. so
________ Nancy is an honest person, I still wonder whether she’s telling the truth about the incident.
A. In spite of	B. Since	C. Although	D. In the even that
The professor told me that I was doing well, _________ my final grade was awful
A. so	B. therefore 	C. in spite of	D. yet
_________ Daisy has a new car, she no longer takes the commuter train to work.
A. Now that	B. While	C. Although	D. In case
You’d better give me your answer quickly, __________ I’ll withdraw the invitation.
A. although	B. nevertheless	 C. even though	D. or else
I have to go to the meeting _________ I want to or not
A. provided that 	B. whether 	C. even if	 D. only if
__________ you’re going to the fruit market, would you please pick up a few apples for me ?
A. Even if	B. Although	C. So	D. As long as
The sky was grey and cloudy. ________, we went to the beach.
	A. Consequently	B. Nevertheless	 C. Even though	D. In spite of
I turned on the fan _____ the room was hot.
	A. due to	B. despite	C. even though	D. because
Sam and I will meet you at the restaurant tonight _____ we can find a babysitter.
	A. although	B. unless	C. otherwise	D. only if
You must lend me the money for the trip. _______, I won’t be able to go.
	A. Consequently	B. Nevertheless	C. Otherwise	D. Although
He told me not to do it; _____________ I did it.
A. Therefore	B. So	C. But	D. however
We have not won yet; ______________, we will keep trying.
A. moreover	B. however	C. so	D. so as 
Everyone thought Emma should accept the offer. ____________, she turned it down.
A. Moreover	B. Nevertheless	C. Therefore	D. But
The building has a smoke detector _________ any fires can be detected immediately.
A. so that	B. if 	C. as if	D. in case
I like to keep the windows open at night no matter how cold it gets. My wife , _________, prefers a 
warm bedroom with all windows tightly shut.
A. nevertheless	B. on the other hand	 C. consequently	D. whereas
I wanted to give him some money after he helped me with the car ___ he absolutely refused to accept it.
A. so	B. but	C. therefore	D. and so
_____________, I can not keep pace with Johnny.
A. So I have tried hard	B. I have tried hard so 	C. However hard have I tried D.However hard I have tried
He has done nothing to prepare for the final examination, __________ played.
A. but	B. so	C. therefore	D. and
BECAUSE OF- IN SPITE OF/ DESPITE
Nguyeân taéc chung
Although/ though: because + meänh ñeà (S-V)Despite / in spite of; because of + cuïm danh töø / ñoäng töø daïng Ving
Ex: 
1. Although Tom got up late, he got to school on time.=> Despite / in spite of getting up late, Tom got to school on time.
2. Although the rain was heavy, we went to school.=> Despite / in spite of the heavy rain, we went to school.
3. Although He was sick, he went to school.=> Despite / in spite of his sickness, he went to school.
Exercise 1: Supply either “BECAUSE or BECAUSE OF” as appropriate. 
 1. It was difficult to deliver the letter ………………..….…the sender had written the wrong address on the envelope. 
 2. We decided to leave early …………..…………………….the party was boring. 
 3. Rescue attempts were temporarily…………………………..…the bad weather. 
 4. They visited their friends often ……………………………they enjoyed their company. 
 5. Paul can’t go to the football game ……………………………his grades. 
 6. Marcella was awarded a scholarship………………………….her superiors scholastic ability 
 7. Nobody ventured outdoor ………………………..………..the hurricane warning. 
 8. We plan to spend our vacation in the mountains ………………..…....the air is purer there 
 9. We have to drive around the bay ……………….………..the bridge was destroyed in the storm. 
 10. The chickens have died ……………………….…….the intense heat. 
Exercise 2: Rewrite the sentences with the given words 
Jane was worried because of the rain. -> Because …………………………………………………………………..…
The students arrived late because there was traffic jam.- >Because of	…………………………………………….……
We have to cut down on driving because there was an oil shortage. ->Because of	…………………..……………
Mary told me the secret, despite having promised not to do so. ->Although………………………………..….……….
Although he is an accountant, he never seems to have any money. ->In spite of……………………………..……..…	
Although Henry is a millionaire, he hates spending money.- >Despite…………………………………..……….……	
He went on working in spite of feeling unwell. ->Though …………………………………………………………….	
These students arrived late because they had an accident.- >Because of …………………………………………….…
All the students love the principal because of his kindness.->Because……………………………………….…..……	
English is learned by millions of students because it is important. ->Because of………………………………..………	
He was able to do such things although he lacked medical qualifications. ->Despite……………………….………….
They sleep soundly despite the hot night air.->Although ………………………………………………………………	
Exercise 3: Choose one sentence that best rewrites the sentence given: 
1. I have tried hard but I can’t earn enough money. 
A. Although I have tried hard, but I can’t earn enough money. B. Although I have tried hard, I can’t earn enough money. 
C. In spite of I have tried hard, I can’t earn enough money. D. Despite I have tried hard, but I can’t earn enough money. 
2. Although she felt jealous, she tried to hide her feelings. 
A. Despite feeling jealous, she tried to hide her feelings. 	B. Despite her jealousy, she tried to hide her feelings. 
C. She tried to hide her feelings in spite of she felt jealous. 	D. A & B are correct. 
3. Although he took a taxi, Bill arrived late for the concert. 
A. Bill arrived late for the concert because he takes a taxi. 
B. Bill arrived late for the concert because of the taxi. 
C. In spite of taking a taxi, Bill arrived late for the concert. 
D. Although Bill took a taxi, he can’t come to the concert in time. 
4. In spite of his suffering from a bad cold, William went to school. 
A. Although he suffers from a bad cold, William went to school. 
B. Although he suffered from a bad cold, William went to school. 
C. William went to school although he is suffering from a bad cold. 
D. William went to school; he suffered from a bad cold although. 
5. Despite the fact that it was snowing, I felt warm. 
A. In spite of snowing, I felt warm. 	B. In spite of feeling warm, it was snowing. 
C. Although it was snowing, I felt warm. 	D. Although I felt warm, it was snowing. 
6. Though he tried hard, he didn’t succeed. 
A. Despite he tried hard, he didn’t succeed. 	B. In spite of he tried hard, he didn’t succeed. 
C. In spite of trying hard, he didn’t succeed. 	D. Even though he tried hard, but he didn’t succeed. 
7. My parents wanted me to go to university but I didn’t fancy it. 
A. My parents wanted to go to university but I didn’t fancy it. 
B. I didn’t fancy going to university as my parents did. 
C. I didn’t fancy going to university although my parents wanted me to go. 
D. I hardly fancied going to university but for my parents’ wish. 
8. I agree he’s a good worker but I still don’t think he should get the job. 
A. He can’t get the job though he was a good worker. 
B. Despite the fact that he’s a good worker, I don’t think he should get the job. 
C. He is such a good worker that he can get the job. 	D. He is too bad to get the job. 
9. He was very tired but he kept on working. 
A. Despite he was very tired, he kept on working. 	B. In spite of he was very tired, he kept on working. 
C. Though his tiredness, he kept on working. 	D. Although he was very tired, he kept on working. 
10. The trip was boring but we enjoyed it a lot. 
A. We enjoyed boring trips. 	B. We are bored with the trip. 
C. We liked the trip very much even though it was boring. 	D. The trip bored us. 
11. Although Tom took a taxi, he was still late for the party. 
A. In spite of Tom took a taxi, he was still late for the party. B. Tom was still late for the party in spite of taking a taxi. 
C. Despite took a taxi, Tom was still late for the party. 	 D. B & C are correct. 
12. Although he is rich, he feels unhappy. 
A. He feels unhappy because of his richness. 	B. He feels unhappy, so he is rich. 
C. Despite his richness, he feels unhappy. 	D. He feels unhappy because he is rich. 
13. My grandfather is very old, but he can walk to the station. 
A. Although my grandfather is very old, he can walk to the station. 
B. My grandfather can walk to the station despite the fact that he is very old. 
C. Despite his old age, my grandfather can walk to the station. 	D. All are correct. 
14. In spite of his old age, Mr. Brown jogs seven miles every morning. 
A. Although of Mr. Brown old, he jogs seven miles every morning. 
B. Although Mr. Brown old, he jogs seven miles every morning. 
C. Although Mr. Brown is old, he jogs seven miles every morning. 
D. Although Mr. Brown is not old, he jogs seven miles