Giáo án ôn thi tiếng Anh vào 10 THPT - Buổi 9

hữu. Whose cũng được dùng cho of which. Theo sau Whose luôn là 1 danh từ.
Eg: 	The boy is Tom. You borrowed his bicycle yesterday.
=> The boy whose bicycle you borrowed yesterday is Tom.
John found a cat. Its leg was broken.
=> John found a cat whose leg was broken.
III. Các trạng từ quan hệ:
1. When: Là trạng từ quan hệ chỉ thời gian, đứng sau tiền ngữ chỉ thời gian, dùng thay cho at, on, in + which, then.
Eg: 	May Day is the day when people hold a meeting. (= on which)
I’ll never forget the day when I met her.	(=on which)
That was the time when he managed the company. (= at which)	
2. Where: Là trạng từ quan hệ chỉ nơi trốn, thay cho a, on, in + which; there)
Eg: 	That is the house where we used to live. (= in which)
Do you know the country where I was born?
Hanoi is the place where I like to come.
3. Why: là trạng từ quan hệ chỉ lí do, đứng sau tiền ngữ “the reason”, dùng thay cho “for the reason”
Eg:	Please tell me the reason why you are so sad. (= for which)
He told me the reason why he had been absent from class the day before.
IV. Mệnh đề quan hệ:
1. Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định:
Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định dùng để bổ nghĩa cho danh từ đứng trước, là bộ phận quan trọng của câu,nếu bỏ đi mệnh đề chính không có nghĩa rõ ràng.
Eg: 	The girl who is wearing the blue dress is my sister.
The book which I borrowed from you is very interesting.
2.Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định:
Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định dùng để bổ nghĩa cho danh từ đứng trước,là phần giải thích thêm, nếu bỏ đi mệnh đề chính vẫn còn nghĩa rõ ràng.
Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định thường được ngăn với mệnh đề chính bởi các dấu phẩy. Danh từ đứng trước thường là tên riêng hoặc trước các danh từ thường có các từ như: this, that, these, those, my, his her…đứng trước.
Không được dùng that trong mệnh đề không xác định.
Eg: 	My father, who is 50 years old, is a doctor.
This girl, whom you met yesterday, is my daughter.
V. Mệnh đề quan hệ có thể rút gọn theo 2 cách:
1. Sử dụng hiện tại phân từ:
Dùng cho các động từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ ở thể chủ động. Ta dùng present participle phrase thay cho mệnh đề đó (bỏ đại từ quan hệ và trợ động từ, đưa động từ chính về nguyên mẫu rồi thêm –ing)
Eg:	The man who is sitting next to you is my uncle.
=> The man sitting to you is my uncle.
Do you know the boy who broke the windows last night?
=> Do you know the boy breaking the windows last night?
2. Sử dụng quá khứ phân từ:
Dùng cho các động từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ ở thể bị động (Bỏ đại từ quan hệ, trợ động từ và bắt đầu cụm từ bằng past participle)
Eg:	The books which were written by To Hoai are interesting.
=> The books written by To Hoai are interesting.
Eg: 	The students who were punished by the teacher are lazy.
=> The students punished by the teacher are lazy.
Eg: 	The house which is being built now belongs to Mr. Pike.
=> The house built now belongs to Mr. Pike.
3. Các trường hợp sau đây thường phải dùng “that”:
a. Khi cụm từ đứng trước vừa là danh từ chỉ người và vật
He told me about the places and people that he had seen in London
b. Sau các tính từ so sánh hơn nhất, first và last
This is the most interesting film that I’ve ever seen.
Moscow is the finest city that she’s ever visited.
That is the last letter that he wrote.
She was the first person that broke the silence.
c. Sau các từ all, only (duy nhất) và very (chính là)
All that he can say is this.
I bought the only book that they had.
You’re the very man that I would like to see.
d. Sau các đại từ bất định
He never says anything that is worth listening to.
I’ll tell you something that is very interesting.
B. EXERCISES :
I. Choose the best answer:
1) The book ____ I bought at the bookstore yesterday is expensive.
 A. who	B. whose	C. that 	D. B & C are corre
2) What’s the name of the blonde girl ____ just came in? 
 A. who	B. whose	C. whom	D. A & B are correct
3) I don’t like people ____ lose their tempers easily. 
 A. who	B. whose	C. that	D. A & C are correct
4) Mexico City, ____ has a population of over 10 million, is probably the fastest growing city in the world.
 A. which	B. whose	C. that	D. A & B are corre
5) This is Henry, ____ sister works for my father. 
 A. who 	B. whose 	C. that	D. All are correct 
6) He’s the man ____ people like at first sight. 
 A. who 	B. whom 	C. that 	D. B & C are correct 
7) Could you iron the trousers ____ are hanging up behind the door? 
 A. who 	B. which	C. that 	D. B & C are correct
8) Where is the girl ____ sells tickets?
 A. who 	B. whose	C. whom	D. A & C are correct
9) The man____ we consider our leader had much experience in climbing mountains.
 A. who 	B. whose	C. whom	D. A & C are correct
10) The artist ____ name I couldn’t remember was one of the best I had ever seen. 
 A. who 	B. whose	C. that	D. A & C are correct
11) Frank invited Janet, ____ he had met in Japan, to the party. 
 A. who 	B. whose	C. that	D. A & C are correct
12 The girl ___ design had been chosen stepped to the platform to receive the award. 
 A. whose 	B. whom	C. that	D. which
13) I need to find a painting ____ will match the rest of my room. 
 A. whose 	B. whom	C. who	D. which
14) There are too many poor people ____ do not have enough to eat in the world. 
 A. whose 	B. whom	C. who	D. which
15) The trees ____ have the beautiful flowers grow near the gate of the garden. 
A. whose	B. whom	C. who	D. which
16) The teacher ____ teaches us French is coming today. 
A. whom	B. who	C. that	D. B & C are correct
17) What’s the music to ____ you are listening? 
A. whose	B. which	C. that	D. B & C are correct
18) I don’t like the stories ____ have unhappy endings.
A. who	B. which	C. that	D. B & C are correct
19) The students ____ don’t have library cards can’t borrow books from the library.
 A. who B. which C. whom D. A & C are correct
20) Betty is the most intelligent girl ____ I have ever met. 
A. who	B. whom	C. that	D. All are correct
II. Combine each pair of sentences using a relative pronoun or relative adverb:
1. She is the most intelligent woman. I’ve ever met this woman.
2. This doctor is famous. You visited him yesterday.
3. These children are orphans. She is taking care of these children.
4. The two young men are not good persons. You are acquainted with them.
5. My father goes swimming everyday. You met him this morning.
6. The man is my father. I respect this man most.
7. The man is my father. I respect his opinion most.
8. Mary and Margaret are twins. You met them yesterday.
9. I’ll introduce you to the man. His support is necessary for your project.
10. The middle-aged man is the director. My father is talking to him.
11. The boy is my cousin. You make fun of him.
12. The student is from china. He sits next to me.
13. I thanked the woman. This woman had helped me.
14. The professor is excellent. I am taking his course.
15. Mr. Smith said he was too busy to speak to me. I had come to see him.
16. I saw a lot of people and horses. They went to market.
17. Tom has three sisters. All of them are married.
18. I recently went back to Paris. It is still as beautiful as a pearl.
19. I recently went back to Paris. I was born in Paris nearly 50 years ago.
20. Do you know the music? It is being played on the radio.
III. Fill in the blanks with Relative pronouns or Relative adverbs where necessary:
1. Let me see all the letters _______ you have written.
2. Is there any one ________ can help me do this?
3. Mr. Brown, _________ is only 34, is the director of this company.
4. I know a place __________ roses grow in abundance.
5. It was the nurse ________ told me to come in.
6. The teacher with ________, we studied last year no longer teaches in our school.
7. They showed me the hospital ________ buildings had been destroyed by US bombings.
8. We saw many soldiers and tanks ______ were moving to the front.
9. Dr. Fleming, _______ discovered penicillin, was awarded the Nobel Prize for medicine in 1945.
10. He joined the political party _______ was in power.
11. Love, ________ is a wonderful feeling, comes to everyone at some time in his life.
12. Freedom is something for _______ millions have given their lives.
13. It is easy to find faults in people ________ we dislike.
14. The really happy people are those _______ enjoy their daily work.
15. We must find a time _______ we can meet and a place _______ we can talk.
IV. Use Relative adverb to combine each pair of sentences below:
1. This is the house. We often stay in this house in summer.
2. I’ll show you the second hand bookshop. You can find valuable books in this shop.
3. I have not decided the day. I’ll go to London on that day.
4. He was born on the day. His father was away on that day.
5. The book is a telephone directory. We can look up telephone numbers in this book.
6. Mrs. Brown rang Dr. Brown. He was going to carry out an urgent operation at that moment.
7. The airport is the most modern one. We’re going to arrive at this airport.
8. She doesn’t want to speak of the cause. She divorced her husband of this cause.
9. The days were the saddest ones. I lived far from home on those days.
10. I never forget the park. We met each other for the first time at this park.
KEY
I. Choose the best answer:
1.D	2.A	3.D	4.A	5.B	6.B	7.D	8.A	9.D	10.B
11.A	12.A	13.D	14.C	15.D	16.D	17.D	18.D	19.A	20.D
II. Combine each pair of sentences using a relative pronoun or relative adverb:
1. She is the most intelligent woman whom I’ve ever met.
2.This doctor whom you visited yesterday is famous.
3. These children whom she is taking care of are orphans.
4. The two young men whom you are acquainted with are not good persons.
5. My father whom you met this morning goes swimming everyday.
6. The man whom I respect most is my father.
7. The man whose opinion I respect most is my father.
8. Mary and Margaret whom you met yesterday are twins.
9. I’ll introduce you to the man whose support is necessary for