Đề tài Chuyên liệu giảng dạy môn tiếng Anh khối 12

e because it is cool. Because the weather was nice, we sat on the patio./ After swimming, Bob sat on the beach to dry off. Nobody has sat through as many boring lectures as Peter has.
They have sat in the same position for 2 hours.
Eg. This studium can seat 100.000 people.
To set Eg. 	The little girl helps her father (to) set the table every night.
The carpenters set their tools in the box at noon and go to lunch.
The botanist set her plants in the sun so that they would grow.
After carrying her son from the car, the mother set him in his crib.
Don’t set the chocolate near the oven or it will melt.
No sooner had they set the roast in the oven, than the electricity went out.
Either infinitives or gerunds:
1.1. stop:	a. stop + to infinitives (= stop this work to start the other work)
e.g. He stops to smoke. (He stops his work and starts smoking)
stop + gerunds (= to give up a habit ) e.g. He stops smoking (He no longer smokes)
1.2. try: a. try + to infinitives (= manage successfully to do)
e.g. He tried to lift the case. (He managed to lift the case and succeeded)
 try + gerunds (= to experience)
e.g. He tried lifting the case. (He wanted to know whether he could lift it)
1.3. remember:
remember + to infinitives (= to make oneself aware of a task)
e.g. He remembered to lock the door. (He had to lock the door)
remember + gerunds (= to assure oneself a fulfilled task)
e.g. He remembered locking the door. (He was sure that he had locked the door)
1.4. forget:
forget + to infinitives (= to miss a task) e.g. Sam forgot to buy food. (Sam didn’t buy food)
forget + gerunds (= the fulfilled task is forgotten)
e.g. Sam forgot buying food. (He bought food but he didn’t remember)
1.5. regret:
regret + to infinitives (not want to do this task)
e.g. Kim regretted to say the truth. (He didn’t want to say the truth but he had to)
regret + gerunds ( the task is done unexpectedly)
e.g. Kim regretted saying the truth.(He said and he regretted what he’d done)
Would:
conditional sentences:
e.g. If I were you, I would agree to come. He would have passed if he had known the rules well.
past habits: e.g. I would sing romantic songs when I was young. She would cry when she was too sad.
Used to: past habit not happen at present e.g. She used to walk to school.
Be (get) used to:
get used to (= be acquainted with) e.g. She has got used to walking to office. 
be used to (be familiar to) e.g. He was used to walking to office.
Would rather V1 than V2:
5.1. would rather (not) + V: e.g. She’d rather go to the meeting. We would rather not mention that case.
5.2. would rather + O (not) + p. V:
e.g. I’d rather him brought there some cakes. She would rather her husband not joined the army.
Prefer gerunds/Ns to gerunds/Ns:
6.1. prefer + gerunds = like + gerunds/ infinitives:e.g. She preferred walking to driving. She liked walking/ to walk.
6.2. would prefer + infinitives = would like + infinitives: e.g. She’d prefer to walk. She would like to walk.
Could/ may/ might: possibility/ maybe = perhaps
7.1. in conditional sentences: e.g. If it rains, we may cancel the trip. 
 We might go to the park if it were Sunday today.
7.2. uncertain speculation: e.g. It could/ may/ might rain tomorrow. It will possibly rain tomorrow.
7.3. perhaps/ maybe: e.g. Perhaps he won’t come. Maybe it will rain tomorrow.
Should:
8.1. command; request; obligation: e.g. You should study harder. / She should bring along an umbrella.
8.2. an expectation/ a wish: e.g. My letter should arrive next week.
Speculations/ deduction:
9.1. could/ may/ might + have + P.P: Past possibility e.g. It may have rained last night./ He might have gone.
9.2. should have + P.P: Past unfulfilled actions e.g. He should have done his homework. 
9.3. must have + P.P: Logical thought about past events e.g. (She passed the exam). She must have studied hard.
PHẦN VII: SOME CONFUSED OR MISUSED WORDS-TỪ DỄ GÂY HIỂU LẦM, DÙNG LẦM
1. 74 cụm từ và cấu trúc viết câu hữu ích:
1
S + V+ too + adj/adv + (for sb) + to do st. (quá....để cho ai làm gì...)*1. This structure is too easy for you to remember.*2: He ran too fast for me to follow.
2
S + V + so + adj/ adv + that +S + V (quá... đến nỗi mà...)
*1: This box is so heavy that I cannot take it.
*2: He speaks so soft that we can’t hear anything.
3
It + V + such + (a/an) + N(s) + that + S +V (quá... đến nỗi mà...)
*1: It is such a heavy box that I cannot take it. 
*2: It is such interesting books that I cannot ignore them at all.
4
S + V + adj/ adv + enough + (for sb) + to do st. (Đủ... cho ai đó làm gì...)
*1: She is old enough to get married. 
*2: They are intelligent enough for me to teach them English.
5
Have/ get + st + done (VpII) (nhờ ai hoặc thuê ai làm gì...)
*1: I had my hair cut yesterday. 
*2: I’d like to have my shoes repaired.
6
It + be + time + S + V (-ed, cột 2) / It’s +time +for O +to do st. (đã đến lúc ai đó phải làm gì...)
*1: It is time you had a shower. 
*2: It’s time for me to ask all of you for this question
7
It + takes/took+ O + amount of time + to do st. (làm gì... mất bao nhiêu thờigian...)
*1: It takes me 5 minutes to get to school. 
*2: It took him 10 minutes to do this exercise yesterday.
8
To prevent/stop + O + From + V-ing (ngăn cản ai/cái gì... không làm gì..)
*1: I can’t prevent him from smoking
*2: I can’t stop her from tearing 
9
S + find+ it+ adj to do st. (thấy ... để làm gì...)
*1: I find it very difficult to learn about English. 
*2: They found it easy to overcome that problem.
10
To prefer + Noun/ V-ing + to + N/ V-ing. (Thích cái gì/làm gì hơn cái gì/ làm gì)
*1: I prefer dog to cat. 
*2: I prefer reading books to watching TV.
11
Would rather + V¬ (infinitive) + than + V (infinitive) (thích làm gì hơn làm gì)
*1: She would rather play games than read books.
*2: I’d rather learn English than learn Biology.
12
Used to + V (infinitive) (Thường làm gì trong qk và bây giờ không làm nữa)
*1: I used to go fishing with my friend when I was young.
*2: She used to smoke 10 cigarettes a day.
13
To be/get Used to + V-ing (quen làm gì)
*I am used to eating with chopsticks. 
14
to be angry at + N/V-ing (tức giận về)
15
to be amazed at = to be surprised at + N/V-ing( ngạc nhiên về....)
16
to be good at/ bad at + N/ V-ing (giỏi về.../ kém về...)
17
by chance = by accident (adv) (tình cờ)
18
to be/get tired of + N/V-ing (mệt mỏi về...)
19
can’t stand/ help/ bear/ resist + V-ing(không nhịn được làm gì...)
20
to be keen on/ to be fond of + N/V-ing (thích làm gì đó...)
21
to be interested in + N/V-ing (quan tâm đến...)
22
to waste + time/ money + V-in(tốn tiền hoặc tg làm gì)
23
To spend + amount of time/ money + V-ing (dành bao nhiêu thời gian làm gì…)
24
To spend + amount of time/ money + on + st (dành thời gian vào việc gì...)
*1: I spend 2 hours reading books a day. 
*2: She spent all of her money on clothes.
25
to give up + V-ing/ N (từ bỏ làm gì/ cái gì...)
26
would like/ want/wish + to do st (thích làm gì...)
27
have + (st) to + Verb (có cái gì đó để làm)
28
It + be + st/ sb + that/ who (chính...mà...)
29
Had better + V(infinitive) (nên làm gì....)
30
hate/ like/ dislike/ enjoy/ avoid/ finish/ mind/ postpone/ practise/ consider/ 
31
It’s + adj + to + V-infinitive (quá gì ..để làm gì)
32
delay/ deny/ suggest/ risk/ keep/ imagine/ fancy + V-ing, 
33
Take place = happen = occur (xảy ra)
34
to be excited about (thích thú)
35
to be bored with/ fed up with (chán cái gì/làm gì)
36
There is + N-số ít, there are + N-số nhiều (có cái gì...)
37
feel like + V-ing (cảm thấy thích làm gì...)
38
expect sb to do st (mong đợi ai làm gì...)
39
advise sb to do st (khuyên ai làm gì...)
40
go + V-ing (chỉ các trỏ tiêu khiển..) (go camping...)
41
leave sb alone (để ai yên...)
42
By + V-ing (bằng cách làm...)
43
To be/ seem/ sound/ became/ feel/ appear/ look/ go/ turn/ grow + adj(đây là các động từ tri giác có nghĩa là: có vẻ như/ là/ dường như/ trở nên... sau chúng nếu có adj và adv thì chúng ta phải chọn adj)
44
want/ plan/ agree/ wish/ attempt/ decide/ demand/ expect/ mean/ offer/ prepare/ happen/ hesitate/ hope/ afford/ intend/ manage/ try/ learn/ pretend/ promise/ seem/ refuse + TO + V-infinitive
* I decide to study English.
45
when + S + V(qkđ), S + was/were + V-ing.
46
When + S + V(qkđ), S + had + P2
47
Before + S + V(qkđ), S + had + P2
48
After + S + had +P2, S + V(qkđ)
49
to be crowded with (rất đông cài gì đó...)
50
to be full of (đầy cài gì đó...)
51
for a long time = for years = for ages (đã nhiều năm rồi) (dùng trong thì hiện tại hoàn thành)
52
except for/ apart from (ngoài, trừ...)
53
as soon as (ngay sau khi)
54
to be afraid of (sợ cái gì..)
55
could hardly (hầu như không) ( chú ý: hard khác hardly)
56
Have difficulty + V-ing (gặp khó khăn làm gì...)
57
in which = where; on/at which = when
58
Chú ý phân biệt 2 loại tính từ V-ed và V-ing: dùng -ed để miêu tả về người, -ing cho vật. và khi muốn nói về bản chất của cả người và vật ta dùng –ing
59
Put + up + with + V-ing (chịu đựng...)
60
Make use of + N/ V-ing (tận dụng cái gì đó...)
61
Get + adj/ P2
62
Make progress (tiến bộ...)
63
take over + N (đảm nhiệm cái gì...)
64
Bring about (mang lại)
65
Chú ý: so + adj còn such + N
66
At the end of và In the end (cuối cái gì đó và kết cục)
67
To find out (tìm ra),To succeed in (thành công trong...)
68
can/ could/ may might/ will/ would/ shall/ should/ must/ ought to... (modal Verbs) + V-infinitive.
69
One of + so sánh hơn nhất + N (một trong những...)
70
It is the first/ second.../best + Time + thì hiện tại hoàn thành
71
To be fined for (bị phạt về)
72
Go for a walk (đi dạo)/ go on holiday/picnic (đi nghỉ)
73
from behind (từ phía sau...)
74
Live in(sống ở)/ Live at + địa chỉ cụ thể/ Live on (sống nhờ vào...)
Special words:
Angel (n): 
Cite (v): In her term paper, Janis had to cite many references.
Site (n): Eg. The corner