Chuyên đề Reported speech

i gián tiếp: (Exclamationin reported speech)
- Động từ tường thuật là: exclaim/shout 
 Eg: He said, “ What a lovely garden they have”
 He exclaimed that they had a lovely garden.
- Các hình thức cảm thán bắt đầu bằng “what’ và “how” chuyển sang gián tiếp bằng:
 He said that it was … / hoặc He exclaimed that it was …
Eg1: She said; “What a pity!” (Direct speech) -> She exclaimed that it was a pity
Eg2: I said; “What a nice horse” -> I exclaimed that it was a nice hoese
Eg3: He said; “How beautiful she is!”-> He exclaimed that she was beautiful! 
Eg4: “What a big egg” he said -> He said that it was a big egg.
Eg5: “ How dreadful!” he said -> He exclaimed that it was dreadful.
5. Reported speech with to infinitive
 - Khi lêi nãi gi¸n tiÕp lµ lêi ®Ò nghÞ, mÖnh lÖnh, ý ®Þnh, lêi høa, lêi yªu cÇu,...®éng tõ t­êng thuËt cïng víi ®éng tõ nguyªn mÉu theo sau th­êng dïng ®Ó truyÒn t¶i néi dung lêi nãi trªn.
§éng tõ t­êng thuËt + t©n ng÷ + ®éng tõ nguyªn mÉu (to-infinitive)
*§éng tõ t­êng thuËt: ask, advise, command, invite, order, recommend, encourage, urge, warn, want, beg, persuade, remind , instruct …
Ex: He said, “Would you like to go out for a drink?”
---> He invited me to go out for a drink.
 She said to me; “How about some coffee”
-> She invited me some coffee 
 “I will look after the house for you if you like” he said.
-> He offered to look after the house for me if I liked.
Ex: She said, “Can you lend me your book?”
---> She asked me to lend her my book.
Ex: She said to me; “Don’t forget to ring me up tomorrow evening”
-> She reminded me to ring her up the next eveining 
Ex: “You should study harder,” my mother said.
---> My mother advised me to study harder.
§éng tõ t­êng thuËt + ®éng tõ nguyªn mÉu (to-infinitive)
*§éng tõ t­êng thuËt:agree, demand, hope, promise, threaten, offer, refuse, decide...
Ex: “All right, I’ll wait for you” he said
-> He agreed to wait for me 
Eg: ‘No, I won’t lend you my car”
-> He refused to lend me his car.
Eg: ‘I’ll send you a card on your birthday” 
-> He promised to send me a card on my birthday.
6. Reported speech with gerund: (câu gián tiếp với danh động từ)
- Khi lời nói gián tiếp là lời đề nghị, chúc mừng, cảm ơn, xin lỗi ….động từ tường thuật cùng với danh động từ theo sau nó thường dùng để truyền tải nội dung lời nói trên.
Động từ tường thuật + V-ing.......
 * Động từ tường thuật:deny, admit, suggest, regret...........
Ex: He said to me; “Let’s go home”
-> He suggested going home 
 Động từ tường thuật + giới từ + Ving…
* Động từ tường thuật: : dream of, object to, insist on, complain about, think of, look forward to......... 
Ex: “I’ll help you with your physics exercise,” Peter said to Susan.
---> Peter insisted on helping Susan with her physics exercise.
 “I’ll drive you to the station. I insist,” Peter said to Linda
---> Peter insisted on driving Linda to the station 
 “I want to pass the exam with flying colours,” John said.
---> John dreamed of passing the exam with flying colours.
Động từ tường thuật + giới từ + tân ngữ + Ving…
 * Động từ tường thuật: thank sb for, accuse sb of, congratulate sb on, apologize sb for, warn sb against, prevent sb from, stop sb from… t
 Ex1: “It was nice of you to help me. Thank you very much,” Tom said to you.
---> Tom thanked me for helping him.
Ex2: “I’m sorry I’m late,” Peter said.
---> Peter apologised for being late.
Ex3: John said, “I heard you received the scholarship. Congratulations!”
---> John congratulated me on receiving the scholarship.
Ex4: “I hear you passed your exams. Congratulations!” John said to us. 
 -> Tom congratulated us on passing our exams 
Ex5: “Stay here! I can’t let you go out tonight,” her mother said to Jane
-> Her mother prevented Jane from going out that night 
Ex6: “Sit here. I can’t let you stand all the time,” Mary said to me.
---> Mary prevented me from standing all the time.
Ex7: “Don’t stay at the near the airport,” I said to Ann
-> I warned Ann against staying at the hotel near the airport
 Ex8: “Don’t go out alone at night,” I said to Linda.
 ---> I warned Linda agaisnt going out alone at night.
Ex: “You took some of my money,” he said.
---> He accused me of taking some of his money.
7. Các hình thức hỗn hợp trong lời nói gián tiếp: (mixed forms in reported speech)
 Lời nói trực tiếp có thể bao gồm nhiều hình thức hỗn hợp: câu khẳng định, câu hỏi, câu mệnh lệnh, câu cảm thán:
Eg: 1. He said, “Can you play the guitar?” and I said “No”
 ® He asked me if I could play the guitar and I said that I couldn’t.
 2. “I don’t know the way. Do you? He asked.
® He said that he didn’t know the way and asked her if she knew it.
 3. “I’m going to shopping. Can I get you something? She said
® She said that she was going to shopping and asked if she could get me anything.
8. Indirect speech with some expressions:
 + “Thanks” he said
 ® He thanked me
 + “Good luck” he said ® He wished me good luck
 “Happy Christmas” he said ® he wished me happy Christmas
 + “Congratulation” she said ® He congratulated me
 + The notice said ‘Welcome to Bacgiang”
 ® The notice welcomed visitors to Bacgiang
 + “No/ Yes” ® Subject + Auxiliary verb
 Eg: “Did you have a good time” he said; “yes’ I said
 ® He asked me if I had had a good time and I said I had
 “Have you done your work” he said “ No’ I said
 ® He asked me if I had done my work and I said I hadn’t
 + Good morning/ evening/ hello ® Subject + greet …
 Exercise 1:Complete the sentences in reported speech. Note the change of pronouns and tenses.
"Where is my umbrella?" she asked.→ She asked 
"How are you?" Martin asked us.→ Martin asked us 
He asked, "Do I have to do it?"→ He asked 
"Where have you been?" the mother asked her daughter.→ The mother asked her daughter 
"Which dress do you like best?" she asked her boyfriend.→ She asked her boyfriend 
"What are they doing?" she asked.→ She wanted to know 
"Are you going to the cinema?" he asked me.→ He wanted to know 
The teacher asked, "Who speaks English?"→ The teacher wanted to know 
"How do you know that?" she asked me.→ She asked me 
"Has Caron talked to Kevin?" my friend asked me.→ My friend asked me 
Exercise 2:Complete the sentences in reported speech. Note the change of pronouns and tenses.
"What's the time?" he asked.→ He wanted to know 
"When will we meet again?" she asked me.→ She asked me 
"Are you crazy?" she asked him.→ She asked him 
"Where did they live?" he asked.→ He wanted to know 
"Will you be at the party?" he asked her.→ He asked her 
"Can you meet me at the station?" she asked me.→ She asked me 
"Who knows the answer?" the teacher asked.→ The teacher wanted to know 
"Why don't you help me?" she asked him.→ She wanted to know 
"Did you see that car?" he asked me.→ He asked me 
"Have you tidied up your room?" the mother asked the twins.→ The mother asked the twins 
Exercise 3: Complete the sentences in reported speech. Note the change of pronouns in some sentences.
"Stop talking, Joe," the teacher said.→ The teacher told Joe 
"Be patient," she said to him.→ She told him 
"Go to your room," her father said to her.→ Her father told her 
"Hurry up," she said to us.→ She told us 
"Give me the key," he told her.→ He asked her 
"Play it again, Sam," she said.→ She asked Sam 
"Sit down, Caron" he said.→ He asked Caron 
"Fill in the form, Sir," the receptionist said.→ The receptionist asked the guest 
"Take off your shoes," she told us.→ She told us 
"Mind your own business," she told him.→ She told him 
Exercise 4: Complete the sentences in reported speech. Note the change of pronouns in some sentences.
"Don't touch it," she said to him.→ She told him 
"Don't do that again," he said to me.→ He told me 
"Don't talk to me like that," he said.→ He told her 
"Don't repair the computer yourself," she warned him.→ She warned him 
"Don't let him in," she said.→ She told me 
"Don't go out without me," he begged her.→ He begged her 
"Don't forget your bag," she told me.→ She told me 
"Don't eat in the lab," the chemistry teacher said.→ The chemistry teacher told his students 
"Don't give yourself up," he advised her.→ He advised her 
"Don't hurt yourselves, boys," she said.→ She told the boys 
Exercise 5: REPORTED SPEECH WITH INFINITIVE AND GERUND
 “Lan, can you remember to buy some bread?” 
 Minh reminded……………………………………………………………………………………..
“ I really think you should see a doctor, Chi” Binh advised……………………………………………………………………………………….
“No, I’m sorry, I won’t work on Saturday.” 
 Ann refused………………………………………………………………………………………..
“ If you like, I’ll help you do the decorating, Bac” 
 Linh offered………………………………………………………………………………………
“Yes, all right, I’ll share the bill with you, Mai” 
 Kim agreed…………………………………………………………………………………………
“Carol, speak English,” he said 
 He told……………………………………………………………….……………………………
“Fill in the form, sir” the receptionist said to the guest. 
 The receptionist asked………………………………..………………………………….…………
 “Don’t repair the computer yourself” she said to him. 
 She warned…………………………………………..……………………………………………
“Don’t give yourself up” he told his girlfriend. 
 He advised …………………………………………..…………………………………………….
“Don’t go out without me,” Harry told Sally. 
 Harry begged………………………………………………………………………………………
 “Don’t forget to post the letter for me when you go out” my wife said. 
 My wife reminded…………………………………………………………………………………
“Could you possibly speak more slowly, please?” the student said to the teacher. 
 The student asked…………………………………………………………………………………
 “Guard, take him to the prison” said the king. 
 The king ordered…………………………………………………………………………………
“Can you trans	late this sentence into English	 for me?” Maria said to Mark. 
 Maria asked……………………………………………………………………………………….
 “Sign on the dotted line” the postman said to me. 
 The postman asked ………………………………… ……………………………………………
“Please, please